Kodėl Vakarai niekad nesupras Rusijos?

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Автор: Versijos.lt
Источник: Kodėl Vakarai niekad nesupras Rusijos?...
7532-08-21 (2014 г.), читали 11120
10

Seniai akivaizdu, kad Vakarams įprasta maniera žvelgti į Rusiją iš aukšto nepriklauso nuo kokių nors konkrečių politinių momentų. Pranašumo idėja slypi Vakarų civilizacijos atstovų pasąmonės gelmėse, taip pat kaip ir patologišką siaubą vakariečiams kelianti "rusų grėsme".

Vienas iš vakarietiškos pasaulėžiūros ypatumų yra tai, kad viską stengiamasi unifikuoti. Europiečio ir amerikiečio supratimu, visas aplinkinis pasaulis (mokslas, religija, ekonomika, menas ir t.t.) turi būti protingai sudėliotas, remiantis vieningomis koordinatėmis, vieningomis vertybėmis, visi turi pripažinti vieningus autoritetus. Autoritetu europiečiai kukliai paskyrė patys save.

Tikriausiai viskas prasidėjo dar nuo Romos popiežių, kurie ištisus šimtmečius kalė europiečiams į galvas idėją apie neginčijamą katalikų bažnyčios valdžią ir autoritetą. Valdžią, kurią turi besąlygiškai pripažinti viso pasaulio tautos ir jų valdovai. Nuo to laiko pasaulis smarkiai pasikeitė, tačiau idėja, kad "visus laikrodžius reikia nustatyti pagal Grinvičą" išliko.

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O rusų mentalitetas (kaip ir bet kuris kitas nevakarietiškas - indų, kinų, arabų) labai lengvai susitaiko su faktu, kad esama skirtingų alternatyvų tiek šalies viduje, tiek aplinkiniame pasaulyje. Pačioje Rusijoje puikiai sugyvena ir dera tarpusavyje įvairiausios klimato zonos, nepanašios viena į kitą tautos ir netgi kelios civilizacijos. Ir, kaip pasekmė, vieni šalia kito sugyvena įvairūs gyvensenos tipai, įvairios "tiesos". Ir Rusijos gyventojų sąmonėje įsišaknijo mintis, kad kiekviena tiesa turi teisę egzistuoti kaip lygiavertė visoms kitoms.

Tam, kad vakarietis imtų laikyti tave lygiaverčiu sau pačiam, tu turi pripažinti vakarietiškus grožio etalonus, europietišką kultūrą, politinius institutus, ekonomines doktrinas. Tai neatima iš tavęs laisvės, priešingai - vakarietiškos vertybės suteikia pakankamai daug laisvės. Tačiau tu turi tas vertybes pripažinti, turi kalbėti su vakariečiais jų kalba ir ne iš mandagumo, o dėl to, kad PRIVALAI. Ir tada jie priims tave į savo tarpą.

Tai maloniai kutena europiečių savimeilę pasąmonės lygmenyje, jie patenkinti, kai vis iš naujo ir iš naujo įsitikina, jog yra vieninteliai civilizacijos skleidėjai, o kinai, japonai, brazilai, rusai orientuojasi į juos. Iš čia - absoliučiai naivus europiečių įsitikinimas, kad jie gali skaityti pamokslus ir mokyti, kaip reikia gyventi ir artimas, ir tolimas tautas.

Jeigu kažkas nenori priimti žaidimo taisyklių, trokšta turėti savą atskaitos tašką ir nepripažįsta bendros koordinačių sistemos - jis tampa sistemos priešu, ima kelti sistemai grėsmę. Jis apšaukiamas pagoniu, barbaru, komunistu, gyvuliu, atsilikėliu, tamsuoliu, nepilnaverčiu. Eretikas "atskiriamas" nuo tos vakarietiškos "gerovės" ir tampa atskalūnu "apsišvietusių" tautų šeimoje. Jis privalo priimti europietiškas vertybes, imti kalbėti su Vakarais jo kalba. Tik, štai, patys Vakari kitų kalbų mokytis nerodo nė menkiausio noro.

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Dabar apie Rusiją.

Rusija įsikūrusi rytiniame Europos pasienyje ir ji - ne Europos valstybė. Europa, kurią iš visų pusių supa vanduo, rytuose turi gigantišką kaimynę. Europiečiai visada bijojo ir visada bijos Rusijos kaip gigantiškos neeuropietiškos valstybės, kurios nė karto nesugebėjo pavergti ir kuri taip ir nepriėmė iki galo Europos vertybių. Toji milžiniška ir "svetima" valstybė įsikūrusi ne kur nors už okeano - tai ne Kinija ir ne Amerika - o tiesiog čia, pašonėje, pakibusi virš nedidukės Europos salelės. Rusija - vienintelė pasaulio valstybė, kurios Vakarams nepavyko pajungti. Ir tai kelia siaubą bei nesupratimą. Dėl to Vakarai visada bus priešiški Rusijai vien dėl to, kad Rusija yra tokia kokia yra. Tik atsiradus bendram priešui ar jeigu Rusija visiškai paklus vakarietiškam projektui, šitas priešiškumas išnyks.

Žvelgiant pragmatiškai, Europai naudinga taika su Rusija, kad būtų užtikrintas saugumas rytuose ir atsirastų galimybė varyti nepriklausomą nuo JAV politiką. Tačiau Rusijos nepanašumas siutina europiečius, neleidžia jiems tvirtai pasitikėti tokia sąjunga. Dar labiau priešiškumą skatina amerikietiškos siaubo pasakaitės apie Rusiją.

Kad būtų "suprantamesnė", Rusija, jų pageidavimu, turėtų būti performatuota vakarietišku stiliumi. Nors akivaizdu, kad pavirtusi vakarietiška šalimi, Rusija subyrės į smulkias valstybėles ir vietoje stabilaus didelio kaimyno Rytuose, europiečiai įsigys sankaupą valstybių, su kuriomis teks tartis atskirai.

Rusija - tai psichologinis Europos kompleksas, save įsimylėjusio Herojaus, kuris negali pakęsti šalimais milžino, kompleksas. Milžiną reikia arba užmušti, arba prijaukinti - tokia Herojaus misija.

Šito konflikto pavyzdžiu europiečiams pasitarnavo Aleksandro Makedoniečio užkariauta Persija. Pakartoti šį žygdarbį, tik dabar jau su Rusija, europiečiai stengiasi nuo Karlo XII laikų.

Šitos svarstyklės svyruoja jau kelis šimtmečius: abi pusės baiminasi įsiveržimo, kaunasi dėl buferinių teritorijų nuo Dnepro iki Oderio, už Juodąją ir Baltijos jūras. Ir taip greičiausiai bus visada.

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